THE NATIONAL RED LIST OF NORTH MACEDONIA

Gentiana lutea

Gentiana lutea

Macedonian

Сириштарка

Albanian

Sanëz, bar zemre, ksanë, rahaven, veshsute

Back to species overview
<< Previous -Lindernia procumbens
Galium rhodopeum-Next >>
Not evaluated Data deficient Least concern Near threatend VULNERABLE Endangered Critically endangered Extinct in the world Extinct
NE DD LC NT VU EN CR EW EX
Taxonomy
Assessment info
Population
Habitat and Ecology
Threats
Use and Trade
Conservation Actions
Bibliography

Taxonomy

Scientific name

Gentiana lutea

Authority

(Murb.) Hayek

Synonyms

Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra

Assessment info

IUCN Red List Category and Criteria

VU – Vulnerable, A4bcd; B1b(i,ii,iv,v)+2ab(i,ii,iv,v)

Date assessed

November 2019

Assessors

Cvetkoska, C.

Reviewers

Čarni, A.

Contributors

Matevski, V.

Kostadinovski, M.

Ćušterevska, R.

Facilitators

/

Justification

This species is rare in North Macedonia. It occurs in only seven locations, where different groups of collectors illegally harvest whole plants. Because of this threat, there is a continuing decline in extent of occurrence, area of occupancy, number of locations or sub-populations and number of mature individuals.

Population

Current population trend

Decreasing

Description

In general, the population size continuing decline in all locations due to over-harvesting.

Habitat and Ecology

System

Terrestrial

Habitat and Ecology

It is a perennial single stem species with yellow flowers at the top. It occurs in the mountains at high altitude (1.300-2.200m) and prefers calcareous soils in mountain grasslands. This species grows in glades of humid pine forests, rocky and shaded grasses. It does not stand high temperature and needs high precipitation.

Use and trade

Use and trade

The roots of Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra are used for medicinal purposes. Because collectors harvest the whole plant, the viability of the population is decreasing. In North Macedonia, this species is used for private medical purposes and in pharmacological industry. It is mainly obtained illegally from natural resources because the cultivation of this plant has not yet been developed. The species is over-harvested for medical uses despite its protected status.

Threats

Threats

One of the main threats to this taxа is over-harvesting in order to use for medical purposes. With much less importance is other threats as the construction of mountain roads etc.

Conservation actions

Conservation actions

Gentiana lutea is listed on Annex V of the Habitats Directive and under Annex D of the EU Wildlife Trade Regulation 318-2008.

Based on the Law on Nature Protection (“Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia” No. 67/04 and 14/06), a ministerial order (No. 02-3501 / 1, 2006) was passed for banning the collection and trade of Gentiana lutea and Gentiana punctata. According to the “Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia” No. 139/67, 2011, Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra is strictly protected species.

Bibliography

Bibliography

Matevski, V. 2010. Flora na Republika Makedonija. MANU. Skopje, 2(1): 1-190. .p 1-190.

Bornmüller, J. 1928. Beiträge zur Flora Mazedoniens III. .p 1-196.

2011. Sluzben vesnik na Republika Makedonija br. 139 . .p/.

Soška, Th. 1939. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Schluchten floren von Südserbien, II . .p 35-58.

Grebenščikov, O. 1938. Pflanzengeographische Übersicht der Wälder der oberen RadikaschluchtPflanzengeographische Übersicht der Wälder der oberen Radikaschlucht . .p 107-124.

Formanek, E. 1892. Beitrag zur Flora von Serbien und Macedonien . .p 50-96.

Košanin, N. 1911. Eine interessante Pflanze von Jakupica in Makedonien . .p 115-118.

Vandas, C. 1909. Reliquiae Formanekianae Brunae, Typis J. Jelínek,. .p/.

2006. Naredba za zabrana za sobiranje zaradi koristenje i trgovija na rastitelnite vidovi na Gentiana lutea i Gentiana punctatа, br. 02-3501 / 1, 2006. . .p/.