THE NATIONAL RED LIST OF NORTH MACEDONIA

Xeromphalina junipericola

Xeromphalina junipericola

Macedonian

Фоина труба

Albanian

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Taxonomy
Assessment info
Population
Habitat and Ecology
Threats
Use and Trade
Conservation Actions
Bibliography

Taxonomy

Scientific name

Xeromphalina junipericola

Authority

G. Moreno & Heykoop

Synonyms

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Assessment info

IUCN Red List Category and Criteria

Critically Endangered D

Date assessed

November 2020

Assessors

Karadelev, M.

Reviewers

Kost, G.

Ivančević, B.

Contributors

Tofilovska, S.

Rusevska, K.

Facilitators

Miskovic, M.

Justification

The species Xeromphalina junipericola is a very rare species known only from three countries, N. Macedonia, Spain and Turkey. In N. Macedonia occurs only in one location, in Greek juniper forest close to the Chalakli village, situated in the south-eastern part of the country. This is a threatened area since there is mass exploitation of juniper trees by the inhabitants. They also burn branches for production of burnt lime. Fires during summer season pose another serious threat. The number of individuals in the population is smaller then 10, on surface area of 760 ha. Because of strong anthropogenic pressure the population is under threat to habitat quality, area of occupancy, and number of mature individuals; hence, the risk of decline is high, which results in the species becoming critically endangered

Population

Current population trend

Decreasing

Description

In N. Macedonia the population size is very small. During field research, precise data was established on the status of species population size in the specified site. The number of individuals in the population is smaller then 10, on surface area of 760 ha.
The potential distribution could be much broader considering the extent of occurrence of juniper shrubs; hence, also the estimated population of the fungal species.

Habitat and Ecology

System

3 Shrubland
3.8 Shrubland – Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation

Habitat and Ecology

Xeromphalina junipericola grows on trunks of Juniperus spp. It is apparently restricted to Juniperus and known from J. oxycedrus and J. thurifera in Spain. There are several findings from Guadalajara province, Tamajon area from Moreno & Heykoop (1996), Moreno et al. (2002) and Heykoop & Moreno (2007) where grow on stump of Juniperus thurifera. Also, there are six findings from Colmenarejo area: Presa Vieja, all on stump of Juniperus oxicedrus. In Turkey (Asian part) a total number of 6 specimens were collected on 4 localities situated in the southern and central part of the country, all on stump of Juniperus excelsa and J. foetidissima (Dogan & Karadelev 2009). In N. Macedonia the species has been collected only once in autumn 2003, on stump of Juniperus excelsa in pure Greek juniper forest (Juniperus excelsa). Grecian juniper forests are considered a priority habitat in the Habitats Directive specified as: *Endemic forests with Juniperus spp. – Pal. 42.A3 – Grecian juniper woods (Juniperetum excelsae) – forest formations dominated by Juniperus excelsa. The forest consists purely of Grecian juniper trees, in some sections mixed with Quercus coccifera. The altitude of
the locality where Xeromphalina junipericola has been collected is between 200 and 400 m.

Use and trade

Use and trade

There is no confirmed use and trade of this species in N. Macedonia.

Threats

Threats

Chalakli village near Valandovo is a threatened area since there is mass exploitation of juniper trees by the inhabitants. They also burn branches for production of burnt lime. Fires during summer season pose another serious threat. Intensive agriculture is a minor threat to biodiversity of juniper forests in this area. Sheep and goats grazing of low vegetation and young trees is an also a threat worth mentioning. The low level of education and lack of knowledge resulting in low public awareness; the low economic status of the population, the consequence thereof being excessive exploitation of natural resources for gaining economic benefit; in compliance with and lack of enforcement of the current laws and legal acts.

Conservation actions

Conservation actions

Protection of known locality together with appropriate management plans are the main actions needed. Improvement of the level of education and public awareness of the species along with habitat significance and distribution. At study level, more effort must be invested for better knowledge of its ecology in order to cultivate and possibly conserve it ex-situ.

Bibliography

Bibliography

Dogan, H.H. and Karadelev, M. 2009. Xeromphalina junipericola, a rare species new to southeastern Europe. Mycotaxon 110(1): 247-255.

Heykoop, M. and Moreno, G. 2007. Provisional catalogue of the agaricological mycobiota of the province of Guadalajara (Spain). Bol. Soc. Micol. Madrid 31: 35–76.

Karadelev M. and Rusevska K. 2016. Distribution Maps of Critical Endangered Species from Macedonian Red List of Fungi. Hyla 1: 14-18.

Karadelev, M. 2019. Xeromphalina junipericola. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T147537682A148254022. .
Moreno, G. and Heykoop, M. 1996. Xeromphalina junipericola sp. nov.

(Tricholomataceae, Agaricales) from Spain. Z. Mykol. 62(1): 37–41.

Moreno, G., Prieto, F. and Heykoop, M. 2002. . Adiciones al catalogo micologico de la zona centro peninsular. I. Bol. Soc. Micol. Madrid 26: 131–145.