THE NATIONAL RED LIST OF NORTH MACEDONIA

Serbian phoenix flower

Ramonda serbica

Macedonian

Српска Рамонда

Albanian

Ramondë e Serbisë

Back to species overview
<< Previous -Water Caltrop
Marsh Angelica-Next >>
Not evaluated Data deficient Least concern Near threatened VULNERABLE Endangered Critically endangered Extinct in the wild Extinct
NE DD LC NT VU EN CR EW EX
Taxonomy
Assessment info
Population
Habitat and Ecology
Threats
Use and Trade
Conservation Actions
Bibliography

Taxonomy

Scientific name

Ramonda serbica

Authority

Pancic

Synonyms

/

Assessment info

IUCN Red List Category and Criteria

VU – Vulnerable

Date assessed

November 2019

Assessors

Ćušterevska, R.

Reviewers

Čarni, A.

Contributors

Matevski, V.

Kostadinovski, M.

Cvetkoska, C.

Facilitators

Hofman, M.P.G.

Justification

This species’ area of occupancy and extent of occurrence qualify the species for EN, but the presence of six locations resulted in the Category VU. In the past, huge amount of this species for scientific investigation was harvested. Because of this, there was decline in number of mature individuals.

According to EU IUCN Red List Assessment, this species is LC.

Population

Current population trend

Stable

Description

Populations are severely fragmented, (total: 11.650 individuals); small size of the isolated population fragments;

Habitat and Ecology

System

Terrestrial

Habitat and Ecology

This species has a very specific, small and restricted habitat requirement and it belongs to a group of rare resurrection vascular plants in Europe. Ramonda serbica is a perennial herb, which can be found in humid and shady areas and it flowers from mid-April until the second half of May. The species occurs in shady crevices of limestone rocks between 400-1.500 m a.s.l. (Commission of the European Communities 2009). It usually inhabits north-northwest crevices but is occasionally found in northeast facing crevices.

Despite occurring in north facing and wet rock habitats, in almost all localities in the range, particularly at lower altitudes, populations are in dry stage (anabiosis) during the dry summer months and sometimes even in April or May. Some years with an unusually dry April or May the species can be in a complete anabiosis during the flowering period.

In North Macedonia this plant grows in the following Habitat: 8210 Calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation.

Use and trade

Use and trade

This plant is collected for scientific and horticultural purposes (Markovska et al. 1992).

Threats

Threats

Habitat deterioration mainly due to climatic changes (changes in the rainfall regimes, drying of smaller rivers during summer) and anthropogenic activities (e.g. ruderalisation) (Markovic et al., 2015); Changes in hydrological regimes of dam construction could have an impact on the species. 

Conservation actions

Conservation actions

This species is listed on Annex IV of the HD and under Appendix I of the Bern Convention.

Over 90% of sub-populations of this species occurs in the National Parks Mavrovo and Galichica, while less part of the area is not under protection.

Precise estimation of the population size and area of occupancy is needed, as well as designation of some of the localities as protected areas.

Bibliography

Bibliography

Council of Europe. 1979. Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats. European Treaty Series No. 104. Council of Europe, Strasbourg, France. .p /.

Stevanović, V., Niketić, M. and Stevanović, B. 1986. Sympatric area of the sibling and endemo-relic species Ramonda serbica Panč. and R. nathaliae Panč. et Petrov. (Gesneriaceae) in southeast Serbia (Yugoslavia). .p 45-54.

EEC. 1992. The Habitats Directive – Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 European Economic Community. Official Journal of the European Communities. .p 7-50.

Soška, Th. 1939. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Schluchten floren von Südserbien, II. .p 35-58.

Černjavski, P. 1943. Prilog za floristichko poznavanje shire okoline Ohridskog Jezera. .p 11-88.

Košanin, N. 1921. La distribution geografique des deux especes de Ramondia du Balkan. .p 44-49.

Markovska Y, Kimenov G, Stefanov K, Popov S. 1992. ipid and sterol changes in leaves of Haberlea rhodopensi and Ramonda serbica at transition from biosis into anabiosis and vice versa caused by water stress. .p 2309–2314.

Markovic, J., Bogdanovic, G., Marković, G. 2015. EFFECT OF DROUGHT ON STRESS IN PLANTS. Journal of Process Management. .p 9-16.

Soška, Th. 1938. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Schluchtenfloren von Südserbien. I . .p 223-238.

Micevski, K. 1994. Visokoplaninska vegetacija na planinata Bistra. MANU. Skopje. .p 1-91.

2009. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the Establishment of a Joint EU Resettlement Programme. European Union: European Commission. .p /.